Comedonal acne - hvad er det, og hvordan man behandler det effektivt?

Comedonal acne er en almindelig type acne. Når du har komedoner, føles din hud ujævn. Disse kødfarvede bump udvikler sig til acne eller bumser.

Disse er normalt inflammatoriske og kan forårsage smerte. Der er dog naturlige behandlingsmuligheder for at reducere og behandle comedonal acne. Fortsæt med at læse for at finde ud af mere om comedonal acne og hvordan man behandler dem med medicin og hjemmemedicin.

Hvad er komedonal acne?

Comedonal acne er en type acne, der ser ud som komedoner (kødfarvede små bump-lignende papler, der for det meste forekommer på hagen og panden). De er porer eller hårsækkene tilstoppet med olie, snavs og døde hudceller. Blackheads og whiteheads er de mest almindelige typer af comedonal acne. Når snavs og oliepropper udsættes for luft, oxiderer de og bliver sorte, hvilket resulterer i hudorme. Når disse stik sættes dybere ned i porerne og er hvide, får du whiteheads.

I det følgende afsnit vil vi se på årsagerne og risikofaktorerne ved comedonal acne.

Komedonal acne: Årsager og risikofaktorer

Komedonal acne er forårsaget, når talgkanaler er blokeret med snavs, snavs og talg. Mens alle kan få comedonal acne til enhver tid, øger visse faktorer risikoen:

• Mejeri (som yoghurt, mælk og ost) kan forbruge acne (1).
• Kost med højt glykæmisk indeks / glykæmisk belastning kan forværre acne (2). Forbrug af fødevarer, der indeholder meget sukker og fedt (såsom bagte godbidder, junkfood og kulsyreholdige drikkevarer) kan forårsage breakouts.
• Nogle mener, at overhydrering også kan forårsage acne. Din hud kan blive overhydreret på grund af fugtige forhold eller på grund af overdreven brug af fugtighedscreme.
• Rygning kan også forårsage acne og breakouts (3).
• Brug af overdreven makeup, fedtede hudplejeprodukter og hårpomader kan forårsage acne.
• Genetik kan også være en faktor bag comedonal acne. Hvis det kører i din familie, er det mest sandsynligt, at du får det.
• Klemning af de eksisterende komedoner og overdreven brug af slibende hudprodukter (såsom skrubbe og kemiske peelinger) kan også forværre din tilstand og forårsage comedonal acne.

Bortset fra hudorme (åbne komedoner) og whiteheads (lukkede komedoner) er der flere andre typer komedoner.

Typer af komedonal acne

1. Mikrokomedoner

Dette er de mindste komedoner. De er usynlige for det blotte øje. De er den første fase af hvert hudorm, betændt acne eller bums.

2. Makrokomedoner

Disse kan være både åbne og lukkede komedoner, men de er større.

3. Kæmpe komedoner

Kæmpe komedoner er store hudorme med en diameter, der måler mellem et par millimeter og ca. 2 centimeter. Ældre voksne får normalt denne type komedoner.

4. Solkomedoner

Disse kaldes også senile komedoner og er forårsaget af overdreven udsættelse for solen. Disse kan være åbne eller lukkede komedoner og kan være store eller små. Disse er almindelige hos ældre voksne.

Det er meget let at identificere komedoner, når vi først ved, hvordan de ser ud.

Sådan identificeres Comedonal Acne

Her er et par tip til at identificere komedoner:

• De ligner små kødfulde bump. Det berørte område føles ujævn og ujævn.
• Blackheads har et tip, der ser mørkebrunt eller sort ud. Du vil ofte se dem på din næse.
• Whiteheads ligner små hvidlige eller kødfarvede prikker på din hud.

Sådan behandles komedonal acne

1. Aktuel behandling

Aktuelle behandlinger er let tilgængelige som OTC-medicin. Du skal dog kende den rigtige procentdel af ingredienserne, der fungerer til din tilstand. Konsulter en læge, inden du prøver nogen aktuel behandling. Disse fås i form af geler, cremer og ansigtsvask. De mest almindelige ingredienser, der anvendes til behandling af comedonal acne er:

• Benzoylperoxid (4)
• Azelainsyre (5)
• Salicylsyre (6)
• Svovl (7)
• Tretinoin (eller retinoider) (8)

Stærkere retinoider skal ordineres af en læge. Dette skyldes, at brug af den forkerte procentdel af retinoider på din hud kan forværre din acne.

2. Orale lægemidler

Aktuelle lægemidler er gode til indledende acne behandling. Afhængigt af dine behov kan lægen dog også ordinere dig oral medicin som:

• Antibiotika
• P-piller eller p-piller (FDA har kun godkendt tre svangerskabsforebyggende midler til acne, så sørg for at du ikke tager dem uden lægens recept) (9)
• Accutane eller isotretinoin (bruges hovedsageligt til svær acne) (9)
• Spironolacton (hovedsagelig formuleret til hypertension; men denne medicin i lave doser kan hjælpe hormonel acne, da den blokerer androgen) (9)

3. Kirurgiske procedurer

Hvis både topisk og oral medicin ikke leverer resultater, kan du vælge kirurgiske procedurer. Nogle af disse procedurer inkluderer:

• Electrosurgery: This is used for treating severe comedonal acne. In this procedure, electricity is used to destroy the tissue by dehydration, coagulation, or vaporization. There are two types of electrosurgery – high-frequency electrosurgery and electrocautery.
• Cryotherapy: In this procedure, the affected area is frozen for 20 seconds using liquid nitrogen or solid carbon dioxide. This eventually destroys the tissues in that area.
• Microdermabrasion: In this process, a device with a crystal head is rubbed on your skin to remove the top layer of your skin. This helps remove the comedones. Microdermabrasion is often used for treating acne scars.

4. Home Remedies

You may also take care of comedones at home by trying a few home remedies using simple and effective ingredients:

1. Tea Tree Oil

Five percent topical tea tree oil was found to be effective in treating mild to moderate acne (10).

You Will Need

• 2-3 drops of tea tree oil
• 1 teaspoon of any carrier oil (you may use jojoba, olive, sweet almond oils)

Method

1. Mix the oils.
2. Massage the mixture on the affected area.
3. Leave it on for at least 20-30 minutes.
4. Wash off.

How Often

2 times every day.

2. Witch Hazel

Witch hazel is commonly used for relieving inflammation and skin irritation(11). Though there is a lack of direct evidence, anecdotal evidence suggests that it has an astringent effect and can help minimize acne.

You Will Need

• A tablespoon of witch hazel
• Cotton pad

Method

1. Wash your face and pat it dry.
2. Saturate the cotton pad with witch hazel.
3. Apply it as a toner to your skin.
4. Let it dry.
5. Follow it up with a non-comedogenic moisturizer.

How Often

Once every day (do not overuse as it may dry your skin out).

3. Charcoal And Clay Mask

Activated charcoal is works as an absorbent (12). It can eliminate dirt and sebum from your skin. The clay (especially bentonite clay) can soothe the skin and heal skin lesions (13).

You Will Need

• ½ teaspoon of activated charcoal powder
• 2 tablespoons of bentonite clay
• Water for mixing (you may use rosewater)

Method

1. Mix the charcoal powder and the clay.
2. Add water or rosewater as per the desired consistency and mix well.
3. Spread the mixture on the affected area.
4. Let it dry.
5. Wash off with warm water.
6. Follow up with a non-comedogenic moisturizer.

How Often

Not more than 2 times a week.

4. Apple Cider Vinegar

Though there is no direct evidence, anecdotal evidence suggests that the vinegar may work well as a toner. It also may act as an astringent and minimize skin pores, thus helping relieve acne. However, never use ACV without diluting it.

You Will Need

• ½ teaspoon of apple cider vinegar
• 2 tablespoons of distilled water (to dilute the ACV)
• Cotton pad

Method

1. Wash your face and pat it dry.
2. Mix the ACV and distilled water.
3. Saturate the cotton pad with the mixture and apply it to your face as a toner.
4. Let it dry and then apply a non-comedogenic moisturizer.

In addition to these treatment options, modifying your lifestyle also helps. In the following section, we have discussed the measures you can take to prevent comedonal acne.

Ways To Prevent Comedonal Acne

1. Wash Your Face Twice A Day

Use a mild cleanser or a cleanser containing salicylic acid to wash your face two times a day.

2. Use Non-comedogenic Products

Whether it is makeup or skincare, ensure you use non-comedogenic products. This way, your skin pores won’t get clogged, and you can prevent comedonal acne.

3. Remove Makeup Before Going To Bed

Removing makeup before hitting the bed allows your skin to breathe and heal itself while you sleep.

4. Keep Your Skin Accessories Clean

Clean your makeup applicators, brushes, and beauty blenders thoroughly after every use. Dirty accessories may accumulate germs and cause acne.

5. Follow A Healthy Diet

Reduce the intake of fried or processed foods, baked goodies, and sugary drinks. If possible, try to limit your milk intake. Instead, consume a lot of fresh produce and lean protein.

Following a daily skincare routine and a healthy lifestyle can help keep your skin clear to an extent. However, you may face breakouts from time to time, and you need to treat them properly. The methods outlined in this article can help. In case you have severe acne, it always is better to consult a doctor.

Expert’s Answers For Readers’ Questions

Does Accutane help treat comedonal acne?

Yes, it works for severe acne. Accutane is a form of vitamin A that reduces the amount of oil released by the skin’s oil glands. However, you shouldn’t take it without consulting your doctor.

Do closed comedones heal?

They can heal with proper treatment. However, if left untreated, they may turn into a serious issue.

Is comedonal acne hormonal?

Comedonal acne is mainly caused during the pre-teen years and is regulated by hormones. However, one may even experience them at a later point of their lives. Apart from hormonal changes, another major cause of this type of acne is poor skin hygiene. Certain products (shampoos, makeup, hair pomades) may also lead to comedonal acne as these contain chemicals and oils that may block the pores.

13 sources

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